When Yukari Morita decided to look for her missing father who disappeared in the South Seas, she had no idea how far her journey would take her. Just traveling to the Solomon Islands is a long way for a high school girl to go on her own, but then Yukari runs into an astronaut from the Solomon Space Association, which has been trying to build a rocket powerful enough launch a man into space. Upon meeting the petite Yukari, however, SSA director Nasuda realizes that she's small enough to go up in a less powerful rocket the SSA has already built! So he offers her a deal: if Yukari agrees to become their astronaut, the SSA will help find her missing father! Will Yukari have the right stuff to blast off in the wildest space quest ever? (Source: Sentai Filmworks)

Rocket Girls adapts the first two volumes of Housuke Nojiri's light novels of the same name with some differences between the animation and the original work. The series was produced in cooperation with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. It first aired on Thursdays on the WOWOW satellite network before moving to a new timeslot on Fridays.